Autism Awareness Page
Evidence-based questionnaires
M-CHAT-R·16–30 months

M-CHAT-R Autism Screening for 20-Month-Olds

At 20 months, children are typically mid-way through an important social-communication growth period. The M-CHAT-R screens for whether key behaviours — symbolic play, joint attention, and social responsiveness — are developing as expected.

Questions
20
Format
Yes / No
Time
~5 minutes
Completed by
Parent or caregiver
Age range
16–30 months

About the M-CHAT-R

By 20 months, children typically have a vocabulary of around 50 words and are beginning to engage in symbolic play — using objects to represent other things (e.g. a banana as a phone). Following two-step instructions and showing clear interest in interactive play with familiar adults are expected at this age.

Several M-CHAT-R items directly target these milestones: pretend play, pointing, and social responsiveness. A parent who has daily observations of their child's behaviour is in the best position to complete this checklist accurately.

Source: Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, RevisedRobins, Fein & Barton (2009)

Frequently asked questions

What is symbolic play, and when should my child show it?
Symbolic play involves using one object to represent another — for example, using a banana as a phone or feeding a toy with an empty spoon. It typically emerges between 18 and 24 months. Some M-CHAT-R items assess whether a child engages in this kind of pretend or make-believe play, which is an early form of symbolic thinking.
My child had repeated ear infections — could this affect M-CHAT-R results?
Temporary hearing loss from ear infections can affect name response and language during that period. If your child has recently recovered, a screen at 20 months reflects their current behaviour more accurately than one taken during an active infection. Note any ear infection history when discussing results with your paediatrician.
What happens if my child screens at risk?
A positive screen means enough reported behaviours are present to warrant further evaluation. The recommended next step is a referral to a developmental paediatrician, paediatric psychologist, or specialist autism diagnostic service. Early referral leads to earlier access to support.
Does a positive screen mean my child has autism?
No. A positive screen is not a diagnosis. Many children who screen positive do not receive an autism diagnosis after full evaluation. Only a qualified clinician carrying out a comprehensive assessment can diagnose autism spectrum disorder.
How long does the screening take?
Most parents complete the M-CHAT-R in 3 to 5 minutes. Results and guidance are available immediately after the last question.
Start M-CHAT-R Screening

Free · Private · Results in under 15 minutes